The dates listed below are estimated average light frost dates based on historical data from the National Climatic Data Center. A light frost is when temperatures are between 29°–32°F. During a light frost, tender plants may be killed, with little destructive effect on hardier vegetation.
The probability of a frost occurring after the spring date or before the fall frost date listed below is 30%, which means that a frost could occur before or after the dates listed. It’s best to take precautions and protect tender plants during early spring and late fall.
Different Types of Frost
- Light freeze: 29 degrees F to 32 degrees F – tender plants killed, with little destructive effect on other vegetation.
- Moderate freeze: 25 degrees F to 28 degrees F – widely destructive effect on most vegetation, with heavy damage to fruit blossoms and tender and semi-hardy plants.
- Severe freeze: 24 degrees F and colder – damage to most plants.
Learn how to protect your plants when frost is on its way.
*Higher elevations in Hawaii do occasionally see at-or-near freezing temperatures but definitive frost dates are not available.
Source for dates: U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Annual/Seasonal Climate Normals (1991-2020)
Alabama
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Birmingham | 11/3 | 3/31 |
| Huntsville | 11/2 | 3/31 |
| Mobile | 11/28 | 3/3 |
| Montgomery | 11/6 | 3/20 |
Alaska
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Anchorage | 9/25 | 5/9 |
| Fairbanks | 9/4 | 5/18 |
| Juneau | 9/28 | 5/9 |
| Nome | 8/26 | 6/13 |
Arizona
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Flagstaff | 9/23 | 6/10 |
| Phoenix | 12/30 | 1/9 |
| Tucson | 11/30 | 2/17 |
| Yuma | 12/21 | 1/31 |
Arkansas
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Fort Smith | 11/1 | 4/3 |
| Jonesboro | 11/3 | 3/31 |
| Little Rock | 11/4 | 3/28 |
| Texarkana | 11/9 | 3/24 |
California
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Fresno | 12/6 | 1/29 |
| Red Bluff | 11/22 | 3/5 |
| Sacramento | 12/7 | 1/22 |
| San Bernardino | 12/11 | 2/10 |
| Tahoe City | 9/19 | 6/15 |
Colorado
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Denver | 10/6 | 5/4 |
| Grand Junction | 10/10 | 5/3 |
| Julesburg | 10/1 | 5/12 |
| Pueblo | 10/4 | 5/4 |
Connecticut
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Danbury | 10/14 | 4/26 |
| Hartford | 10/20 | 4/23 |
| Stamford | 10/16 | 4/23 |
Delaware
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Dover | 10/31 | 4/9 |
| Lewes | 11/7 | 4/2 |
| Wilmington | 10/30 | 4/13 |
District of Columbia
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Washington D.C. | 11/12 | 3/30 |
Florida
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Jacksonville | 11/29 | 3/7 |
| Orlando | 1/1 | 2/4 |
| Tallahassee | 11/15 | 3/23 |
| Tampa | 1/3 | 1/31 |
Georgia
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Atlanta | 11/13 | 3/23 |
| Augusta | 11/4 | 3/31 |
| Columbus | 11/16 | 3/14 |
| Savannah | 11/21 | 3/12 |
Idaho
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Boise | 10/14 | 4/30 |
| Idaho Falls | 9/12 | 6/2 |
| Moscow | 9/27 | 5/5 |
| Salmon | 9/18 | 5/25 |
Illinois
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Chicago | 10/28 | 4/17 |
| Mount Vernon | 10/18 | 4/17 |
| Quincy | 10/25 | 4/15 |
| Springfield | 10/15 | 4/20 |
Indiana
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Evansville | 10/24 | 4/10 |
| Indianapolis | 10/21 | 4/21 |
| South Bend | 10/14 | 5/7 |
| Terre Haut | 10/13 | 4/22 |
Iowa
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Cedar Rapids | 10/7 | 5/4 |
| Des Moines | 10/14 | 4/24 |
| Fort Dodge | 10/2 | 5/3 |
| Sioux City | 9/28 | 5/5 |
Kansas
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Garden City | 10/9 | 5/2 |
| Independence | 10/25 | 4/12 |
| Salina | 10/19 | 4/23 |
| Topeka | 10/19 | 4/19 |
| Wichita | 10/21 | 4/16 |
Kentucky
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Ashland | 10/18 | 4/30 |
| Lexington | 10/26 | 4/11 |
| Mayfield | 10/23 | 4/20 |
| Murray | 10/27 | 4/11 |
Louisiana
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandria | 11/18 | 3/6 |
| Baton Rouge | 11/17 | 3/7 |
| Monroe | 11/8 | 3/14 |
| Shreveport | 11/11 | 3/15 |
Maine
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Augusta | 10/10 | 5/1 |
| Bangor | 9/30 | 5/9 |
| Portland | 10/9 | 5/1 |
| Presque Isle | 9/20 | 5/22 |
Maryland
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Baltimore | 11/15 | 3/29 |
| Frederick | 11/1 | 4/7 |
| Salisbury | 11/2 | 4/9 |
Massachusetts
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Amherst | 10/3 | 5/11 |
| Boston | 11/3 | 4/8 |
| New Bedford | 10/9 | 5/5 |
| Worcester | 10/14 | 4/29 |
Michigan
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Cheboygan | 10/4 | 5/18 |
| Detroit | 10/24 | 4/27 |
| Grand Rapids | 10/5 | 5/14 |
| Marquette | 10/15 | 5/15 |
Minnesota
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Baudette | 9/20 | 5/19 |
| Duluth | 9/26 | 5/19 |
| Minneapolis | 10/11 | 4/30 |
| Willmar | 10/1 | 5/4 |
Mississippi
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Greenville | 11/9 | 3/21 |
| Hattiesburg | 11/8 | 3/16 |
| Jackson | 11/7 | 3/22 |
| Tupelo | 11/4 | 3/30 |
Missouri
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Jefferson City | 10/25 | 4/14 |
| Kansas City | 10/18 | 4/20 |
| Poplar Bluff | 11/1 | 4/5 |
| St. Louis | 10/31 | 4/7 |
Montana
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Billings | 10/1 | 5/10 |
| Bozeman | 9/16 | 6/3 |
| Glendive | 9/29 | 5/8 |
| Great Falls | 9/25 | 5/11 |
| Helena | 9/25 | 5/15 |
Nebraska
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Grand Island | 10/8 | 4/29 |
| North Platte | 9/25 | 5/16 |
| Omaha | 10/12 | 4/25 |
| Scottsbluff | 9/27 | 5/13 |
Nevada
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Elko | 9/12 | 6/5 |
| Ely | 9/7 | 6/19 |
| Las Vegas | 11/28 | 2/14 |
| Reno | 10/21 | 5/6 |
New Hampshire
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Berlin | 9/23 | 5/20 |
| Concord | 9/29 | 5/15 |
| Keene | 9/26 | 5/19 |
| Nashua | 10/5 | 5/4 |
New Jersey
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Atlantic City | 11/14 | 3/31 |
| Cape May | 11/3 | 4/7 |
| New Brunswick | 10/20 | 4/21 |
| Newark | 11/4 | 4/6 |
New Mexico
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Albuquerque | 10/29 | 4/12 |
| Carlsbad | 11/6 | 3/27 |
| Santa Rosa | 10/17 | 4/27 |
New York
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Albany | 10/9 | 5/2 |
| Buffalo | 10/19 | 4/30 |
| Elmira | 10/4 | 5/16 |
| Lake Placid | 9/16 | 6/1 |
| New York City | 11/14 | 4/3 |
| Syracuse | 10/11 | 5/5 |
North Carolina
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Asheville | 10/26 | 4/13 |
| Charlotte | 10/30 | 4/5 |
| Fayetteville | 11/7 | 3/30 |
| Raleigh-Durham | 10/31 | 4/6 |
North Dakota
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Bismarck | 9/23 | 5/19 |
| Fargo | 9/25 | 5/15 |
| Grand Forks | 9/26 | 5/16 |
| Minot | 9/27 | 5/15 |
Ohio
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Cincinnati | 10/20 | 4/23 |
| Cleveland | 11/7 | 4/14 |
| Columbus | 10/22 | 4/24 |
| Toledo | 10/22 | 4/27 |
Oklahoma
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Beaver | 10/15 | 4/28 |
| Enid | 10/27 | 4/12 |
| Lawton | 10/31 | 4/7 |
| Tulsa | 10/30 | 4/5 |
Oregon
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Baker | 9/9 | 6/4 |
| Eugene | 10/15 | 3/14 |
| Klamath Falls | 9/13 | 6/16 |
| Portland | 11/11 | 3/21 |
Pennsylvania
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Erie | 10/30 | 5/2 |
| Lebanon | 10/19 | 4/27 |
| Philadelphia | 11/5 | 4/6 |
| Pittsburgh | 10/22 | 4/24 |
| Wilkes Barre | 10/13 | 4/30 |
Rhode Island
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Kingston | 10/4 | 5/8 |
| Newport | 11/7 | 4/14 |
| Providence | 10/24 | 4/17 |
South Carolina
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Charleston | 11/19 | 3/15 |
| Columbia | 11/1 | 4/1 |
| Florence | 11/8 | 3/27 |
| Greenville | 11/13 | 3/23 |
South Dakota
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Hot Springs | 9/22 | 5/22 |
| Pierre | 9/28 | 5/12 |
| Sioux Falls | 9/30 | 5/6 |
| Watertown | 9/26 | 5/12 |
Tennessee
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Chattanooga | 11/3 | 3/31 |
| Knoxville | 10/28 | 4/7 |
| Memphis | 11/4 | 3/28 |
| Nashville | 10/26 | 4/10 |
Texas
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Amarillo | 10/22 | 4/20 |
| Dallas | 11/15 | 3/15 |
| Houston | 12/8 | 2/18 |
| San Antonio | 11/20 | 3/6 |
Utah
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Cedar City | 10/7 | 5/14 |
| Logan | 9/27 | 5/15 |
| Salt Lake City | 10/25 | 4/16 |
Vermont
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Burlington | 10/9 | 5/3 |
| Montpelier | 10/4 | 5/12 |
| Rutland | 9/21 | 5/22 |
Virginia
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Charlottesville | 11/3 | 4/7 |
| Norfolk | 11/17 | 3/23 |
| Richmond | 10/31 | 4/9 |
| Roanoke | 10/27 | 4/9 |
Washington
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Olympia | 10/6 | 5/5 |
| Seattle | 11/10 | 3/21 |
| Spokane | 10/6 | 5/2 |
| Vancouver | 11/1 | 4/5 |
West Virginia
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Charleston | 10/21 | 4/23 |
| Martinsburg | 10/17 | 4/23 |
| Morgantown | 10/18 | 5/1 |
Wisconsin
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Appleton | 10/1 | 5/10 |
| Eau Claire | 9/29 | 5/13 |
| Madison | 10/4 | 5/7 |
| Milwaukee | 10/24 | 4/25 |
Wyoming
| City | First Fall Frost | Last Spring Frost |
|---|---|---|
| Casper | 9/23 | 5/16 |
| Cheyenne | 9/26 | 5/20 |
| Gillette | 9/19 | 5/28 |
